The Medela Disposable Overflow Protection/Bacteria Filter (10 per Case) is used to protect the suction pump from overflow and particles, and the environment from bacteria and odors. This filter should be changed out if there is an overflow (the doctor isn't watching the canister and fluid backs up and gets into the filter), or if severe discoloration or loss of suction occurs, but otherwise doesn't need to be changed until the procedure is finished.
Medela Healthcare Accessories Brochure
Medela DCS Disposable Fluid Collection System Brochure